up as and when needed. The meaning depends on the context of the sofra table with meal on it, dinner table süslü to become thirstyconversation topic: soğuk cold susmak decorated soğumak to be cold susturmak to be quiet• A: Film nasılmış? Ne-yiz? siyasi political süratle rapidly, swiftly siz you süratli rapid, swift• A: Nasılsın? Onlar gel-mi-yor-lar. ........................ . Yusuf is also the author of one of the bestselling books on English Grammar in Turkey. You can look words 2 Önce yemek yedik. av Yusuf Buz. E ne can help us make the following phrases: • Ne münasebet! manzara! Onlar konuşuyorlar. ÜNİTE Türk Alfabesi 1 Turkish AlphabetA The Turkish alphabet has 29 letters:Capital letters ABCÇDEFGĞHIİJKLMNOÖPRSŞTUÜVYZLower case letters a b c ç d e f g ğ h ı i j k l m n o ö p r s ş t u ü v y zB There are 8 vowels in the Turkish alphabet:Back Vowels RoundedFront Unrounded ou aı öü ei at evC There are 21 consonants in the Turkish alphabet: Pronunciation m as in mayLetters a Pronunciation Letters m n as in noA b u as in run M n o as in forB c b as in boy N o ir as in bird or ur as in furC ç j as in jam O ö p as in payÇ d ch as in chat Ö r as in ringD e d as in dog p s as in sitE f e as in bet P r sh as in shopF g f as in fog R s t as in tinG ğ g as in gun S ş u as in putĞ h lengthens preceding vowel Ş t ew as in new or ü as in ÜberH ı h as in hat T u v as in veryI i e as in open U ü y as in yesİ j i as in fit Ü v z as in zipJ k s as in measure VK l k as in kiss yL l as in lap Y z ZD The lower case i is always dotted when capitalised:bir BİR = one iz İZ = traceE The lower case ı is always dotless when capitalised:sır SIR = secret sıfır SIFIR = zeroF Q, W and X do not occur in Turkish but Turkish speakers can easily recognise them:faks = fax taksi = taxi Vav! • Niçin aradın? Being an ESL teacher for many years, the author understands the learners' challenges and have addressed a wide range of common mistakes most people might make while teaching or learning Turkish grammar. □ e) Sonra barıştılar. )about the form and meaning of the grammar, aswell as its different uses. )C ne can take the suffix -(y)le (with, by) to show how or in what way something is done.In this sense, it can be replaced by nasıl (how): -için also combines with ne to form the question• A: Yarın Ankara’ya gideceğiz. Details. sisli foggy süpürge broomNasıl-lar? .............................................................................................................................. .3 Selin şimdi Mehmet’le evli. . )learners must study these units as they focus ongrammar points which are equally important. If you arealready using a course book, present the grammar explanation on the left-hand page and thenask students to read the example sentences. The only difference between these units isthat they do not have exercises. )Nasıl bir ... ? B 3. = How were they? ........................ . )- nasıl can also be used with -mış to ask how somebody/something is/was. ......................180 possessive pronounsÜNİTE-86 madem (ki) (seeing that, now that, considering that)....................................182ÜNİTE-87 -den beri (since, for)..............................................................................................................184ÜNİTE-88 -den dolayı/ötürü (because of, due to, thanks to)............................................186ÜNİTE-89 -dığından dolayı, -dığı için (because, since, as)...................................................188ÜNİTE-90 -den yana (as regards) -den başka (apart from) -den itibaren (with effect from).....................................................................................190ÜNİTE-91 -a/-e doğru (towards) -a/-e karşı (against) -a/-e göre (according to)....................................................................................................192ÜNİTE-92 kadar (about, as ... as, until, by, as far as)..............................................................194ÜNİTE-93 altında (under, below) .........................................................................................................196 üstünde (on, over, above)ÜNİTE-94 ön (front) arka (back) önünde (in front of) arkasında (behind)................198ÜNİTE-95 yanında (beside, next to)....................................................................................................200ÜNİTE-96 karşısında (opposite).............................................................................................................202ÜNİTE-97 içinde (inside) dışında (outside).....................................................................................204ÜNİTE-98 ... hoşuma gidiyor. )• Ne lezzetli bir tatlı! Senin adın ne? (We will go by car.) = How was I?Nasıl? ........................ .Onlar biliyorlar. (I am told that it was superb.) ).....................................................................................42ÜNİTE-17 present continuous negative Geliyor musun? (What kind of jacket do you want?) (çalış-) 4 Uğur yemek .............................. . His other titles include: YDS Test Pro, YDS Exam Pack, Test Your Comprehension and Vocabulary and … Contents TURKISH GRAMMAR Turkish grammar is not looked on by the Turks themselves as a Classical Structured Language. • Tekerlek dönmüyor. Gazete okuyor. = Burak isn’t studying now. (What a delicious dessert! (Why did you call?) end of the book.3 Translate the sentences into English.1 Selin üç yıl önce evlendi. or (It is said to be superb)C Nasıl bir ... is used with nouns to say What sort of/What kind of ...? Oturmuyorum. 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