The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a trout and species of salmonid native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America. It’s a given that most of these streams are termed ‘intensive use’ systems because of the extent of sport fishing that occurs in them. Fast growing – They grow really fast. It is not considered a significant human health risk, but it can affect stream habitats and sources of food for fish, including rainbow trout, and make recreational activities unpleasant. mykiss. [49], Rainbow trout are commercially farmed in many countries throughout the world. Rainbow trout require higher dissolved oxygen and cooler water temperatures than most “pond” fish. Some rainbow trout eat so much they grow much faster than other trout in similar water. http://melbourneaquaponics.com.au/magical-6-STEP 2. Adult fish are distinguished by a broad reddish stripe along the lateral line, from gills to the tail, which is most vivid in breeding males. It is claimed that the Mexican forms of Oncorhynchus mykiss represent the southernmost native range of any trout or salmon (Salmonidae),[40] though the Formosan landlocked salmon (O. masou formosanus) in Asia inhabits a similar latitude. Growth rates of rainbow trout in farms are much higher those that of wild fish, but growth rates in farms also vary with water temperature. [50] Rainbow trout, especially those raised in farms and hatcheries, are susceptible to enteric redmouth disease. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, list of the top 100 globally invasive species, Salmonid susceptibility to whirling disease, Steelhead and salmon distinct population segments, Conservation status of British Columbia salmonids, "Synonyms of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)", "Fauna Boreali-Americana, or, The Zoology of the Northern Parts of British America: Containing Descriptions of the Objects of Natural History Collected on the Late Northern Land Expeditions, Under Command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. [108] Farmed rainbow are considered one of the safest fish to eat and are noted for high levels of vitamin B and a generally appealing flavor. [75][76], The parasite M. cerebralis was first recorded in North America in 1956 in Pennsylvania,[74] but until the 1990s whirling disease was considered a manageable problem affecting only rainbow trout in hatcheries. Advanced fry (fish one or two inches in length) are cheaper but mortality losses are about 30 to 50 percent. [4], Subspecies of Oncorhynchus mykiss are listed below as described by fisheries biologist Robert J. Behnke (2002). In Chile and Norway, sea cage production of steelhead has expanded to supply export markets. [79], The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum), once endemic to New Zealand, has spread widely and has become naturalised and an invasive species in many areas including Australia,[80] Asia (Japan,[81] in the Garmat Ali River in Iraq since 2008[82]), Europe (since 1859 in England), and North America (U.S. and Canada: Thunder Bay in Ontario since 2001, British Columbia since July 2007[81]), most likely inadvertently during human activity. Vincent, E. R. "Whirling Disease – the Montana Experience, Madison River". beardsleei), a genetically unique lake-dwelling variety of the coastal rainbow trout that is isolated in Lake Crescent (Washington), is threatened by the loss of its only spawning grounds in the Lyre River to siltation and other types of habitat degradation. Fish and Wildlife Service and various state agencies and tribal governments propagating rainbow trout for conservation and recreational sport fishing. The tree grows up to 250 feet (76 m.) tall in its native environment. So, whether you’re in it for a rainbow trout dinner or just a few hours of … The hatchery was stocked with the locally native rainbow trout, and likely steelhead of the coastal rainbow trout subspecies (O. m. irideus). [4] The species was originally named by German naturalist and taxonomist Johann Julius Walbaum in 1792 based on type specimens from the Kamchatka Peninsula in Siberia. [54] California and Washington also produce significant numbers of farmed trout. Generally, in partnership with various universities, state, federal and tribal agencies and private interests, these organizations sponsor projects to restore habitat, prevent habitat loss and promote awareness of threats to native trout populations. 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